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ELIZABETH 1ST OF ENGLAND

ELIZABETH 1ST ENGLAD

TIME-LINE AND ADDITIONAL FACTS ON ELIZABETH TUDOR, QUEEN OF ENGLAND FROM 1558-1603. ELIZABETH WAS A DAUGHTER OF A KING, HENRY VIII, SISTER OF TWO MONARCHS EDWARD VI AND MARY 1ST. A COUSIN OF SCOTTISH MONARCH, JAMES V, MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS AND JAME VI OF SCOTLAND, HER SUCCESSOR.

TIME-LINE OF QUEEN ELIZABETH 1ST OF ENGLAND

 
1533
  • 7TH SEPTEMBER Elizabeth 1st of England was born at the palace of Placentia, Greenwich, England, to the daughter of Henry VIII of England, and his queen consort Anne Boleyn
  • Margaret Bryan is Elizabeth’s first governess.
  • Elizabeth lived at Hatfield with her own household. Princess Mary, Henry VIII daughter from Catherine of Aragon was sent there also to wait on Elizabeth.
  • Anne frequently visited her daughter at Hatfield and other residences.
1535
  • Elizabeth’s aunt, Mary Boleyn is banished from court for eloping with William Stafford, a man of lower rank to the Boleyn’s
1536
  • 7TH JANUARY The Death of Catherine of Aragon, Henry VIII first wife..
  • 17TH MAY The execution of Elizabeth’s uncle George Boleyn, for incest and treason.
  • 19TH MAY The execution of Elizabeth’s mother Anne Boleyn
  • 30TH MAY Elizabeth’s father Henry VIII and Jane Seymour were married at the palace of Whitehall, Whitehall, London, in the Queen's Closet by bishop Gardiner
  • 1ST JULY Elizabeth’s half-sister Mary are both officially declared illegitimate
1537
  • AUTUMN: Elizabeth is in the care of Blanche Herbert, Lady Troy, and Kat Ashley
  • 12TH OCTOBER: Elizabeth’s half-brother Edward is born at Hampton Court to Jane Seymour
  • 15TH OCTOBER: Edward, is christened and his two half-sisters are present, Mary is his godmother, and Elizabeth carries the chrisom
  • 24TH OCTOBER: Jane Seymour died at Hampton Court Palace at Richmond upon Thames
  • 12TH NOVEMBER: The funeral of Jane Seymour
1538
  • 3RD APRIL: Elizabeth’s grandmother (mother of Anne Boleyn)
  • Elizabeth Howard died
1540
1541
  • Henry VIII is declared to be King of Ireland and Head of the Church in Ireland.
  • 13TH FEBRUARY The execution of Catherine Howard
  • JULY  The Third Succession Act of Henry VIII reign was passed by the Parliament of England. This  returned both Mary and Elizabeth to the line of the succession behind their half-brother Edward
1543
  • 12TH JULY Henry VIII married his 6th and final wife Catherine Parr.
  • JULY The Third Succession Act of Henry VIII reign was passed by the Parliament of England. This returned both Mary and Elizabeth to the line of the succession behind their half-brother Edward.
  • 8TH DECEMBER Mary Queen of Scots is born, the daughter of James V Scotland and Mary de Guise.
  • 14TH DECEMBER King James V Scotland is dead. Now Mary his infant daughter is Queen of Scotland.
1544
  • The Third Succession Act
1545
  • Kat Ashley married sir John Ashley, whom is princess Elizabeth's senior gentleman attendant., John is a cousin of Elizabeth’s mother Anne Boleyn.
1547
  • 19TH JANUARY: Elizabeth’s cousin Henry Howard (poet) executed for treason.
  • 27TH JANUARY: Elizabeth ‘s uncle 3rd Duke Norfolk Thomas Howard, is arrested and kept imprisoned,
  • 28th JANUARY Henry VIII England her father died, and her half-brother Edward vi takes the throne,
  • Elizabeth goes to live with Catherine Parr Chelsea Old Manor.  The Lady Jane Grey lives with them also. Lady Jane Grey is Elizabeth’s Cousin through her father and the future Nine day Queen of England.
  • 16TH FEBRUARY  The funeral of  Henry VIII
  • 20TH FEBRUARY The coronation of Edward VI of England
  • SPRING Catherine Parr married Thomas Seymour, King Edward VI uncle. Mary Elizabeth’s sister even went as far as asking her half-sister, Lady Elizabeth, not to interact with Queen  dowager Catherine any further. Mary was angry that Catherine had married so soon after their father Henry VIII death.
1548
  • Thomas Seymour begins to take an interest in the young Elizabeth
  • MAY: Elizabeth is sent away by Catherine Parr, after Catherine catches her and Thomas Seymour in an embrace.
  • 5TH SEPTEMBER: Catherine Parr dies after complication in with childbirth.
  • Thomas Seymour renews his interest in Elizabeth.
  • Roger Ascham starts tutoring princess Elizabeth in Greek and Latin
1549
  • 16th JANUARY Thomas Seymour was caught trying to break into the King Edward VI  apartments at Hampton Court Palace. He entered the privy garden and awoke one of the King's pet spaniels. In response to the dog's barking, he shot and killed it
  • 21ST JANUARY Kat Ashley is arrested regarding Thomas Seymour and Elizabeth; s alleged affair.
  • 22nd JANUARY The council sent agents to question everyone associated with Thomas, including Elizabeth.
  • 20TH MARCH: The execution of Thomas Seymour for treason.
  • AUGUST Kat Ashley returned to Hatfield and stayed with Elizabeth
1550
  • Elizabeth formal education comes to an end.
  • CHRISTMAS Elizabeth her half sibling, Mary and King Edward VI spend Christmas together. Edward embarrassed Mary, and reduced both her and himself to tears in front of the court, by publicly reproving her for ignoring his laws regarding worship.
1553
  • 21ST JUNE: The signing of the will of Edward VI England, changing the crowns succession
  • 6TH JULY: Edward VI England is dead and the Lady Jane Grey is named as his heir.
  • 10TH JULY- 19TH JULY: The Lady Jane Grey, Elizabeth cousin once removed is now queen of England for nine days.
  • 12TH JULY Elizabeth’s sister Mary and her supporters had assembled a military force at Framlingham Castle, in order to seize her throne
  • 20th JULY  Mary, Elizabeth’s half older sister Mary  is queen of England, and the Lady Jane Grey is deposed and arrested and kept along with her husband Guildford Dudley, in the Tower of London
  • 3RD AUGUST Mary1st England, rides triumphantly into London, with Elizabeth at her side.
  • 30TH JULY Elizabeth left Somerset House, to ride to Wanstead and greet her half-sister, Mary, England’s  the new queen
  • 1ST OCTOBER  The Coronation Mary   1st of England.Mary was crowned by Stephen Gardniner
  • DECEMBER: Thomas Howard 3rd Duke Norfolk is, released by from the tower by Mary 1st England.
1554
  • 25th JANUARY The Wyatt Rebellion
  • 12th FEBRUARY The Lady Jane Grey and Guildford Dudley
  • MARCH 16TH Elizabeth writes to her half sister Mary Queen of England
  • 18TH MARCH: Elizabeth was brought to court, and interrogated regarding her role, in the Wyatt Rebellion and imprisoned in the Tower of London in the Queen’s lodgings
  • 11TH APRIL Thomas was executed Wyatt for being leader in the Wyatt Rebellion
  • 19TH MAY Elizabeth is moved from the Tower to Woodstock, where she was to spends almost a year under house arrest in the charge
  • 25TH JULY  Mary 1st England married Philip II Spain at Winchester Cathedral
  • 25TH AUGUST: Elizabeth’s uncle Thomas Howard 3rd Duke Norfolk died
1555
  • 17TH APRIL: Elizabeth is recalled to the court of her sister Mary
  • OCTOBER: Kat Ashley is permitted to re-joins Elizabeth’s household.
1556
1558
  • APRIL  Mary Queen of Scots married Francis (the Future Francis II of France)
  • 6TH NOVEMBER Mary 1st of England  recognizes Elizabeth, as her heir.
  • 17th NOVEMBER Mary I England is dead St James's Palace,  and Elizabeth is Queen of England
  • Kat Ashleywas made First Lady of the Bedchamber
  • 20TH NOVEMBER William Cecil is appointed, secretary state and Elizabeth’s chief advisor and Robert Dudley is appointed her Master of the Horse.
  • Act Of Supremacy: which was an act of the parliament of England, passed under the auspices of Elizabeth I. It replaced the original act of supremacy 1534 issued by Elizabeth's father, Henry VIII.
1559
  • 12TH JANUARY Elizabeth traveled to the Tower of London, in preparation for her coronation
  • 15TH JANUARY: The coronation of Elizabeth the first of her name of England, by crowned and anointed by Owen Oglethorpe, the catholic bishop of Carlisle. Robert Dudley was also entrusted with organizing and overseeing a large part of the Queen's coronation festivities
  • FEBRUARY Elizabeth establishes the Church of England, with the Act of Uniformity 1558 and the Act of Supremacy 1558. The Oath of Supremacy is reinstated.
  • The Elizabethan religious settlement
  • 2ND APRIL Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis between Elizabeth I and Henry II of France, 3rd April between Henry II and Philip II Spain
  • APRIL The relationship between Robert Dudley and Elizabeth is obvious on a romantic level than a formal one, to all witnesses them together at Elizabeth’s court. The court observers noted that Elizabeth never let Dudley from her side
  • MAY The Act of Uniformity is set. the order of prayer to be used in the English book of common prayer. all persons had to go to church once a week or be fined 12 pence
  • Elizabeth turned down Philip II Spain hand of marriage
  • 18TH DECEMBER Elizabeth I supports the Scottish Lords by sending aid via land and sea.
1560
  • 27TH FEBRUARY The Treaty of Berwick It was an agreement made by the representative of Queen Elizabeth I of England, the Duke of Norfolk, and the group of rebellious nobles known as the Scottish Lords of the Congregation.
  • 6TH JULY:The Treaty of Edinburgh
  • The complete Geneva Bible is published.
  • 8TH SEPTEMBER: The death Of Amy Robsart, Robert Dudley’s wife, she died by falling down a flight of stairs, the circumstances of which have often been regarded as suspicious
  • DECEMBER The Seventeen-year-old Mary Queen of Scots, is widowed by the death of her first husband, King Francis II of France.
1561
  • Elizabeth, imprisons the lady Catherine Grey and Edward Seymour in the tower of London ,for marrying without seeking her consent. Catherine grey is potential heir to the English throne.
  • AUGUST 21ST Mary Queen of Scots is denied passage through England after returning from France. She arrives at Leith, Scotland
  • The first Calvinists settle in England, after fleeing Flanders.
1562
  • JANUARY Thomas Norton and Thomas Sackville's play Gorboduc is performed for the first time, before Queen Elizabeth. It is the first known English tragedy, and the first English language play to employ blank verse.
  • The Church of England approves the Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion, defining its doctrinal stance
  • 22ND SEPTEMBER  The Treaty of Hampton Court. , between Queen Elizabeth and Huguenot leader Louis, Prince of Condé, is signed
  • OCTOBER Elizabeth fell ill with small pox. Elizabeth named Robert Dudley Protector and demanded that her council give him twenty thousand pounds a year (an unheard of sum). England was her most precious possession.
1563
  • Elizabeth proposed her own suitor, Robert Dudley as a husband for Mary Queen of Scots
  • Elizabeth College, Guernsey is founded, by order of Queen Elizabeth
  • The Thirty-nine Articles of Religion
  • Outbreak of the Black Death or the Plague in London.
1565
1566
  • 19TH JUNE: The birth of James VI Scotland, the son of Mary Queen of Scots
  • 29TH JULY:  The execution of Agnes Waterhouse, Agnes was the first woman in  England to be  recorded  execution for witchcraft.
1567
  • 10th FEBRUARY Henry Darnley is murdered, the husband of Mary Queen of Scots
  • 15TH MAY Mary Queen of Scots, marries James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell
  • 15TH JUNE  Carberry Hill: Mary Queen of Scots is defeated by the Scottish nobles, and imprisoned in Loch Leven Castle
  • 24TH JULY: Mary Queen of Scots, is forced to abdicates her throne in favour of her son, James vi is now king of Scotland
  • 29TH JULY King James VI  is crowned, king of Scotland at the age of thirteen months
1568
1569
  • The first recorded lottery in England is performed nonstop, at the west door of St Paul's Cathedral. Each share costs ten shillings, and proceeds are used to repair harbours, Mary Queen of Scots for other public works.
  • OCTOBER Thomas Howard, the 4th duke of Norfolk, is imprisoned for plotting to marry, Mary Queen of Scots.
  • NOVEMBER The Rising of The North, which also called the revolt of the northern earls or northern rebellion, was an unsuccessful attempt by catholic nobles from northern England to depose queen Elizabeth I of England and replace her with Mary Queen of Scots
1570
  • 25TH FEBRUARY: Pope Pius V declaring "Elizabeth, the pretended Queen of England and the servant of crime", to be a heretic, issued by papal bull.
  • There are talks to arrange the marriage of Elizabeth and Henry, Duke of Anjou.
1571
  • 23RD JANUARY  The Royal Exchange opens in London, England
  • 25TH JUNE Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School, Horncastle, is founded in Lincolnshire, England.
  • 27TH JUNE  Jesus College is established "within the City and University of Oxford of Queen Elizabeth's foundation" in England, by Welsh cleric and lawyer Hugh Price.
  • The Ridolfi Plot: The plot to assassinate queen Elizabeth I of England and replace her with Mary Queen of Scots. Thomas Howard 4TH Duke Norfolk was involved in this plot.
1572
  • FEBRUARY Harrow School is founded, with a royal charter from Queen Elizabeth
  • 13TH FEBRUARY – Queen Elizabeth issues a proclamation which revokes all commissions, on account of the frauds which they had fostered.
  • 2ND JUNE: Thomas Howard 4th Duke Norfolk, who is Elizabeth 2nd cousin was executed for treason, Tower Hill , London.
1573
  • Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School for Boys, Barnet, England, is formed.
1575
  • 21ST JANUARY Queen Elizabeth  grants a monopoly on producing printed sheet music, to Thomas Tallis and William Byrd
  • JULY Robert Dudley staged a spectacular 19-day-festival as a final, allegorical bid for the Queen's hand; it was as much a request to give him leave to marry someone else. There were a Lady of the Lake, a swimming papier-mâché dolphin with a little orchestra in its belly, fireworks, masques, hunts, and popular entertainments like bear baiting
1577
  • DECEMBER Francis Drake leaves Plymouth, England, aboard the Pelican, with four other ships and 164 men, on an expedition against the Spanish, along the Pacific coast of the Americas, which will become a circumnavigation.
1578
  • During a progress, through East Anglia, the queen stayed at the manor house at Hawstead which was owned by Elizabeth Stafford’s husband, sir William drury
  • SUMMER Elizabeth visits Melford Hall, Suffolk on a summer progress.
  • 21ST SEPTEMBER: Robert Dudley married the Elizabeth’s 2nd cousin, Lettice Knollys, without Elizabeth’s permission or knowledge.
1579
  • Lettice Knolly’s is banished from court, after Elizabeth finds out about her marriage to Robert Dudley
  • Francis, Duke of Anjou and Alençon is considered as a suitor for Elizabeth, he was the youngest son of late king Henry II France
  • JULY Francis Drake, during his circumnavigation of the world, lands in what is now California, which he claims for Queen Elizabeth . With an English claim here and in Newfoundland, it becomes the basis for English colonial charters
1580
  • JUNE England signs a commercial treaty with the Ottoman Empire.
1581
  • MARCH The Parliament of England's Act against Reconciliation to Rome imposes heavy fines, for practicing Roman Catholicism.
  • APRIL 4TH Francis Drake is knighted by Elizabeth I of England.
  • The knighthood of Sir Francis Drake: English sea captain, privateer, navigator, slaver, and politician of the Elizabethan era
1583
  • 10TH MARCH: Queen Elizabeth's men is formed, which was a playing company or troupe of actors in English renaissance theater.
1584
  • JUNE 4TH Walter Raleigh sends Philip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe to explore the Outer Banks of Virginia (now North Carolina), with a view to establishing an English colony; they locate Roanoke Island.
1585
  • 10th AUGUST: The Treaty of Nonsuch: signed by Elizabeth and the Dutch rebels fighting against Spanish rule; at Nonsuch Palace in Surrey.
  • 14TH AUGUST Elizabeth agrees to establish a protectorate over the Netherlands
  • NOVEMBER Elizabeth writes to King James VI of Scotland
1586
  • The Babington Plot: The plan to assassinate Elizabeth I, a protestant, and put Mary Queen of Scots, her roman catholic cousin, on the English throne.
  • 6TH JULY The Treaty of Berwick is signed between Queen Elizabeth and King James VI of Scotland
  • English ship Vanguard, the first Royal Navy vessel to bear this name, is launched at Woolwich.
  • SEPTEMBER 20TH–21ST –of the Babington Plotters: The 14 men convicted of a plot (uncovered on July 17) to murder Queen Elizabeth and replace her with Mary Queen of Scots, are hanged, drawn and quartered (the first seven being disemboweled before death) in St Giles Field, London.
  • 15TH-20TH OCTOBER Mary Queen of Scots, is placed on treason trial at Fotheringhay Castle in England for complicity in the Babington Plot and sentenced to death
  • 20TH SEPTEMBER The execution of Anthony Babington. Anthony was hung drawn and quartered.
  • OCTOBER Elizabeth writes to her cousin Mary Queen of Scots
1587
  •  1ST FEBRUARY Queen Elizabeth   signs the death warrant of her cousin Mary Queen of Scots, after Mary is implicated in a plot to murder Elizabeth. Seven days later, on the orders of Elizabeth's privy council, Mary is beheaded at Fotheringhay Castle Mary Queen of Scots
  • 8TH FEBRUARY: The execution of Mary Queen of Scots at Fotheringhay castle, Northamptonshire, England. Mary’s execution was brutal, taking three blows of the axe for her to meet her death.
  • 14TH FEBRUARY Elizabeth writes to King James VI of Scotland.
1588
  • JULY– The English victory Charles Howard Elizabeth 2nd cousin is commander for England along with Sir Francis Drake.
  • “I know I have the body of a weak, feeble woman; but I have the heart and stomach of a king, and of a king of England too”
  • 4TH SEPTEMBER: Robert Dudley died
  • The Armada Portrait of Elizabeth I of England is created, to celebrate the English defeat of the Spanish Armada, and to assert the strength of Elizabeth herself.
1590
1591
  • Sir Walter Raleigh secretly married one of Elizabeth’s lady in waiting, Elizabeth "Bess" Throckmorton, without Elizabeth’s consent or knowledge.
1592
  • 19TH FEBRUARY The Rose theatre is opened, and Elizabethan in London on Bankside
  • JUNE- AUGUST: Sir Walter Raleigh and, Elizabeth "Bess" Throckmorton, are imprisoned in the tower London, by Elizabeth, when discovers about their secret marriage.
1596
  • Queen Elizabeth decrees that all Africans should be removed from the British realm, in reaction to the food crisis.
  • 29TH OCTOBER – 1ST NOVEMBER: The 2nd Spanish Armada: This resulted in, Spanish failure
1597
  • AUGUST 17TH Islands Voyage: Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, and Sir Walter Raleigh set sail on an expedition to the Azores.
  • 18TH OCTOBER – 15TH NOVEMBER: Third Spanish Armada: resulted in Spanish failure
1598
  • 4TH AUGUST: William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley, English statesman died
1599
  • MARCH 12TH Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, is appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, by Queen Elizabeth
  • The Globe theater was built by Shakespeare’s playing company, the lord chamberlain's men, on land owned by Thomas Brend
1601
  • 3RD FEBRUARY The Essex’s Rebellion, which was an unsuccessful rebellion led by Robert Devereaux, 2nd Earl of Essex, against Elizabeth I of England and the court faction led by sir Robert Cecil.
  • FEBRUARY: Earl Of Mar and Edward Bruce, commendator of Kinloss, went to London as ambassadors, attempting to secure the throne of England for James VI. they expected to speak with Earl Essex Robert Devereaux, however he was executed.
  • 25TH FEBRUARY: the execution of Robert Devereaux for treason
  • the secret correspondence of James VI of Scotland, which was communication between the Scottish king and administrators of Elizabeth I of England between
  • 30TH NOVEMBER“The Golden Speech “which was a speech, delivered by Elizabeth .it was a speech that was expected to be addressing some pricing concerns, based on the recent economic issues facing the country
1603
  • JANUARY Elizabeth moved to Richmond Palace.
  • FEBRUARY Elizabeth mental and physical health was getting worse. Most all of those whom she loved so dearly and had walked with her through life had died.
  • 24TH MARCH: Elizabeth 1st England died, Richmond palace, Surrey, England
 
On the 28th of April 1603. Queen Elizabeth was buried in Westminster Abbey, firstly in the same vault as her grandfather king Henry VII. In 1606 Elizabeth was moved to her present resting place next to her half sister Mary.

EXTRA FACTS ON ELIZABETH I  OF ENGLAND

  • Elizabeth Tudor Queen of England, Ireland and ales, for forty-five years
 
  • Elizabeth's reign is known as the Elizabethan era, or the golden age and she is sometimes called The Virgin Queen, Gloriana or Good Queen Bess
 
  • Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII of England and Anne Boleyn.
 
  • Mary Queen of Scots and Henry Darnley were both cousins of Elizabeth.
 
  • Elizabeth was a great granddaughter of John Howard, first Duke of Norfolk, through his line, a descendant of English royalty through both sides of his family. On his father's side, Howard was descended from Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall, the second son of King John,
 
  • When Elizabeth went to live with Catherine Parr, later her husband Thomas Seymour, approaching who was approaching the age of 40, but having charm and "a powerful sex appeal, he engaged in romps and horseplay with the 14-year-old Elizabeth. These included entering her bedroom in his nightgown, tickling her and slapping her on the buttocks. Parr, rather than confront her husband over his inappropriate activities, joined in. Twice she accompanied him in tickling Elizabeth, and once held her while he cut her black gown "into a thousand pieces. Elizabeth was sent away by Catherine Parr, in following year, after she caught them having an embrace.
 
  • John Dee, was an English mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, occult philosopher, and advisor to Queen Elizabeth I. He chose the date of Elizabeth’s coronation.
 
  • Elizabeth gave playful nicknames to her favourites. Her chief minister, Burghley, would called her ‘spirit’, and her alleged lover, Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, was her ‘eyes’. Rather more cheekily, she called François, Duke of Anjou, her ‘frog’. Elizabeth would even have Gingerbread men, made in the likeness of important guests that visited her court.
 
  • Elizabeth is sometimes pictured as wearing thick white makeup. Although this look was apparently fashionable at the time, Elizabeth did it to cover up scars left from a bout of smallpox.
 
  • The Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) was an intermittent conflict between the kingdoms of Spain and England that was never formally declared
 
  • Although Elizabeth only mentioned her mother a couple of times during her lifetime, she wore a locket ring which contained a miniature of herself along with a miniature of her mother
 
 
  • Elizabeth would sometimes wear a frog-shaped earring, given to her as a gift from Francois, the Duke of Anjou. This was probably because Elizabeth called Francois her "frog
  •  
  • Elizabeth rarely talked of her mother Anne Boleyn in her lifetime. However she wore a locket ring which contained a miniature of herself along with a miniature of her mother.
 
  • Elizabeth’s coffin was carried from Whitehall to Westminster Abbey on a hearse drawn by horses hung with black velvet. The coffin was covered in a rich purple cloth, topped with the effigy of Elizabeth with a sceptre in her hands and a crown on her head. Above the coffin was a canopy supported by six knights and behind the hearse was the Queen’s Master of the Horse, leading her palfrey. The Chief Mourner was the Countess of Northampton who led the party of peers of the realm, all dressed in black

POLITICAL OFFICES  IN THE COURT OF ELIZABETH  1ST ENGLAND

POLITICAL OFFICES IN ELIZABETH COURT

ELIZABETH'S MAIN LADIES

ELIZABTH LADIES
The Spanish Armada Portrait
ELIZABETH 1ST FAMILY TREE
PORTRAITS OF ELIZABETH 1T ENGLAND

FICTIONAL PORTRAYS OF ELIZABETH 1ST OF ENGLAND

ELIZABETH 1ST IN FICTION
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