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JOHN I OF ENGLAND

KING JOHN OF ENGLAND

Who was King John of England, what mark did he leave during his reign and who were kin John's children?

TIME-LINE AND ADDITIONAL FACTS ON KING JOHN OF ENGLAND. JOHN WAS A SON OF A KING HENRY II, THE BROTHER OF A KING RICHARD 1ST AND THE FATHER OF A KING HENRY III ENGLAND.

TIME-LINE OF KING JOHN 1ST OF ENGLAND

 
 

1166

  • 24TH DECEMBER John was born in Beaumont Palace, Oxford, the son of Henry II of England and Eleanor  Duchess of Aquitaine

1168

  •  1ST FEBRUARY: Johns elder sister Matilde of England married Henry the lion, then Duke of Saxony and Bavaria at Minden cathedral in Saxony

1170

  • 14TH JUNE: John brother’s Henry's first coronation titled ”The Junior king”Henry was crowned by Roger de Pont L'Evêque, Archbishop of York.

  • The council of Oxford formed and lasted till 1258

1172

  • 27TH AUGUST: John's elder brother” Henry the young king” married Margaret of France, the daughter of Louis VII of France Henry is crowned for a second  time by this time Rotrou, Archbishop of Rouen

1173

  • John's elder brothers, backed by their mother Eleanor, rose in revolt against their father King Henry, however, their rebellion failed, and John became his father’s favourite son.

1174

  • Johns sister Eleanor of England married Alphonso VIII, King of Castile, and became queen consort of Castile

  • DECEMBER The Treaty of Falaise: this was between Johns father Henry II of England and William II. king of Scots. the treaty required William to swear that Scotland would thereafter be subordinate to the English crown. the treaty was annulled in 1189.

1176

  • 28TH SEPTEMBER: John is betrothed to his half second cousin, Isabella, Countess of Gloucester

  • Johns half-brother, through his father and his mistress, William Longespée is born

1177

  • 13TH FEBRUARY: John sister Joan of England married William II of Sicily, and became queen consort of Sicily.

  • MAY: John is appointed Lord of Ireland

1181

  • JULY: Johns brother Geoffrey II, married Constance, Duchess of Brittany

1183

  • 11TH JUNE: Henry the young king(John's brother) died of dysentery

1185

  • John travelled to Ireland

  •  DECEMBER John left Ireland

1186

  •  19TH AUGUST Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany died at Paris, France in a tournament

1189

  • 28TH JUNE: Johns sister Matilda of England died, at Brunswick, Lower Saxony

  • 6TH JULY: Johns father, King Henry  II  of  England is dead, and now his brother Richard is king of England

  • 20TH JULY: Johns brother King Richard is invested as Duke of Normandy

  • 1189-92: Third Crusade: Johns brother Richard is one of the leaders in this

  • 29TH AUGUST: John and Isabella, Countess of Gloucester are married at Marlborough castle in Wiltshire

  • 3RD SEPTEMBER: The coronation of Johns brother, King Richard, the first of his name in Westminster Abbey

1190

  • John attempts to overthrow William Longchamp, the Bishop of Ely and take the throne of England.) period of the which legend of Robin Hood stems)

  • John illegitimate son is born Richard Fitzroy

1191

  • 12TH MAY: Johns brother king Richard married Berengaria of Navarre in Limassol

  • John illegitimate daughter Joan lady wales are born

1192

  • 2ND SEPTEMBER The Treaty of Jaffa signed between the Muslim ruler Saladin and Richard I of England, the treaty guaranteed safe passage of Christians and Muslims through Palestine

  • JULY: King Richard embarks on the Third Crusade

1194

  • 4TH FEBRUARY The Ransom was paid and Richard was finally released

1196

  • Johns half-brother William Longespée married Ela of Salisbury,

  • OCTOBER: Johns sister Joan of England married for a second time to Raymond VI, count of Toulouse,

1199

  • 25TH MARCH King Richard I of England is shot in the left shoulder with a crossbow, by French boy Pierre Basile, at the siege of the castle of Châlus in France

  • 6TH APRIL: King Richard, of England, Johns brother is dead, and now John is king of England

  • 27TH MAY: The coronation of John as king of England, the first of his name. John was crowned by Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury.

  • AUGUST: John received an annulment for his marriage to Isabella, Countess of Gloucester

  • 4TH SEPTEMBER: Johns sister Joan of England died queen consort of Sicily and countess consort of Toulouse

  • King Philip II of France renews his war against John, , supporting the rival claim to the English throne of Arthur I, Duke of Brittany.

1200

  • 22ND MAY The Treaty of Le Goulet: signed by John and Philip II of France was aimed at settling the claims the Angevin Kings Of England Had On French Lands

  • 24TH AUGUST: John married, Isabella of Angouleme in Angouleme

  •  8TH OCTOBER Isabella of Angouleme is crowned Queen consort at Westminster Abbey by Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury.

1201

  • 10THAPRIL John permits Jews to live freely in England and Normandy

  • 11TH JULY Llywelyn the Great pays homage to John after his conquest of North Wales

  • John,  puts an embargo on wheat exported to Flanders, in an attempt to force an allegiance between the states. He also puts a levy of a fifteenth on the value of cargo exported to France, and disallows the export of wool to France without a special license

1202

  • The Fourth Crusade

  • Arthur, Johns nephew, through his brother Geoffrey II Brittany, begins a campaign against him.

  • 30TH APRIL King John fails to attend the court of Philip II to answer complaints of the barons of Poitou. Philip confiscates English lands in France, granting many of them to Arthur of Brittany

  • JULY John rescues his mother, Eleanor of Aquitaine, from near capture by the rebellious forces of Arthur I, Duke of Brittan

  • 1ST AUGUST: The Battle of Mirabeau. This was between France, England and the house of Lusignan, John was commander for England, Philip was commander for France, and Arthur of Brittany (Johns nephew, and Hugh De Lusignan( who was to be Johns wife future husband) commanders for the house Lusignan

.       Result (English Victory)

  • Arthur, of Brittany is captured by John and put into imprisonment

1203

  • 3RD APRIL: Arthur , of Brittany is presumed dead, and said to be at the hand of John

  • The first evidence is revealed, that the Temple in London is extending loans to the king of England. The sums remain relatively small, but are often used for critical operations, such as the ransoming of the king’s soldiers captured by the French.

1204

  • John had his illegitimate daughter Joan married to Llywelyn the great, the Welsh prince.

  • 1ST APRIL : Johns mother, Eleanor of Aquitaine died at Poitier's, Angevin Empire Burgos, Castile

  • John lost Normandy, Brittany, Maine and Anjou to Philip II of France

1205

  • John became involved in a dispute with Pope Innocent III

  • 11TH DECEMBER John forces the election of John De Gray, Bishop of Norwich as Archbishop of Canterbury, contrary to the monks' wishes

1206

  • 30TH MARCH Pope Innocent III quashes John's nomination of John de Gray as Archbishop of Canterbury.

  • 7TH JUNE England invades France to defend Aquitaine; army campaigns in Poitou

  • DECEMBER Monks at Canterbury sent into exile for electing Stephen Langton as Archbishop of Canterbury against John's wishes

1207

  • John issues letters patent, creating the new Borough of Liverpool.

  • John exiles the Archbishop of York and seizes the revenues of Canterbury and York

  • 1ST OCTOBER: Johns son Henry is born, the future Henry III of England, named after Johns father Henry

1208

  • 24TH MARCH Pope Innocent III places England under an interdict, as punishment for John rejecting his choice for Archbishop of Canterbury.

  • 23RD MAY The Pope bans church services in England; King John confiscates all church property in retaliation

1209

  • 5TH JANUARY: Johns son Richard is born at Winchester Castle, Hampshire, England

  • London Bridge is completed.

  • AUGUST Scotland buys peace with England after a threatened invasion

  • NOVEMBER John is excommunicated by Pope Innocent III. Despite the excommunication, John will continue to make amends to the Church, including giving alms to the poor whenever he defiles a holy day by hunting during it

1210

  • John raises £100,000 from church property as an extraordinary fiscal levy; the operation is described as an “inestimable and incomparable exaction” by contemporary sources.

1211

  • John suppresses a Welsh rebellion

1212

  • John imposes taxes on the barons in his attempts to regain the lost lands of Aquitaine, Poitou and Anjou

  • 10TH JULY The most severe of several early fires of London burns most of the city to the ground; over 3,000 people die.

  • John impounds the revenue of all prelates appointed by bishops who had deserted him at his excommunication. He remains on good terms, however, with churchmen who stood by him, including Abbot Sampson, whom this year bequeaths John his jewels

  • 12TH DECEMBER: Johns elder half-brother, through his father Geoffrey (Archbishop of York), died in Burgos, Castile.

1213

  • 15TH MAY John of England submits to Pope Innocent III, who in turn lifts the interdict of 1208

  • 30TH-31ST MAY The Battle of Damme: between France, Normandy and England. William Longespée, 3rd earl of Salisbury Johns half-brother is commander for English. Philip II, king of France is commander for the French

       Result. ( English Victory)

  • John becomes the first English monarch recorded as giving gifts of Royal Maundy money to the poor

  • 3RD JUNE John and Llywelyn the Great sign a truce

1214

  • 15TH FEBRUARY John lands an invasion force at La Rochelle in France

  • John began his final campaign to reclaim Normandy from Philip.

  • 24TH JULY: The Battle of Bouvines, between England and France: Johns half-brother William de Longespee is commander for England and Philip II, king of France for the French

      The result (French Victory)

  • 18TH SEPTEMBER The Treaty of Chinon is signed by John, and Philip II of France, recognizing the Capetian gains from the Angevin Empire

  • 31ST OCTOBER: Johns elder sister Eleanor of England, Queen of Castile died

1215

  • 4TH MARCH John of England makes an oath to Pope Innocent III as a crusader, to gain his support.

  • 15TH JUNE: John met the rebel leaders at Runnymede

  • Magna Carta. The first basic human rights

  • AUGUST King John of England rejects the Magna Carta, leading to the First Barons' War.

  • 24TH AUGUST Pope Innocent III declares the Magna Carta invalid.

1216

  • JANUARY: John marched against Alexander II of Scotland, who had allied himself with the rebel cause

  • 21ST MAY. King Louis VIII, invades England in support of the barons, landing in Thanet. Entering London without opposition, he is proclaimed, but not crowned, King of England at Old St Paul's Cathedral.

  • 14TH JUNE: Prince Louis, had captured Winchester and soon controlled over half of the English kingdom

  • 11TH OCTOBER First Barons' War: retreating from the French invasion, John loses the Crown Jewels in Wash

  • 19TH OCTOBER: John died at Newark castle, Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire

 King John 1st of England, was buried in Worcester Cathedral in front of the altar of St Wulfstan

EXTRA FACTS ON KING JOHN OF ENGLAND

  • John was King of England, for seventeen years. Also known as John Lackland

 

  • John was the Youngest son of Henry II England

 

  • John was also a Brother to Richard 1st England (Lionheart)

 

  • John was a Great, great, grandson of William the Conqueror.

 

  • John’s elder brother Henry was crowned king during his father's lifetime, something originally practised by the French Capetian dynasty and adopted by the English kings Stephen and Henry II.

 

  • King, Henry Johns father wanted John to be crowned King of Ireland on his first visit in 1185, but Pope Lucius III specifically refused permission. A coronation had been prepared, but never happened, the "lordship of Ireland" referred to the sovereignty vested in the Crown of England

 

  • John had a close interest in Wales, between 1204-1211 he visited every year. John used his influence to, increase his power there

 

  • The Magna Carta was the very first document of basic human rights. First drafted by the Archbishop of Canterbury to make peace between the unpopular John asking, and a group of rebel barons, in England, it promised the protection of church rights, protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment,

 

  • In 1216, when it seemed that England was under control of the French prince Louie, who had come to rid England of whom many seen as bad king John. It all changed, with John’s then sudden death, in the October, caused many of the rebellious barons to desert Louis in favour of John's nine-year-old son, HenryIII.

POLITICAL ROLES IN THE COURT OF KING JOHN OF ENGLAND

NAME
​
 
ROBERT DE BEAUMONT
​
 
HENRY DE BOHUN
 
 
WILLIAM OF ELY
 
 
 
GEOFFREY FITZ PETER
 
 
WALTER DE GRAY
 
 
 
 
WILLIAM OF HUNTINGFIELD
 
 
 
 
RICHARD MARSH
​
 
SIMON DE MONTFORT
 
 
PETER DES ROCHES
 
 
AUBREY DE VERE,
 
 
ROBERT DE VERE
 
HUBERT WALTER

ROLE

 

 

LORD HIGH STEWARD

1190–1204

 

 

LORD HIGH CONSTABLE

 

 

LORD HIGH TREASURER

1196–1215

 

 

CHIEF JUSTICIAR

1198–1213

 

 

LORD CHANCELLOR

1205–1214

 

 

SHERIFF OF NORFOLK AND SUFFOLK

LORD WARDEN OF THE CINQUE PORTS 1203

 

 

 

LORD CHANCELLOR

1214–1226

 

LORD HIGH STEWARD1206-18

 

CHIEF JUSTICIAR

1213 – 1215

​

MASTER CHAMBERLAIN OF ENGLAND

​

MASTER CHAMBERLAIN OF ENGLAND

 

LORD CHANCELLOR

1199–1205

TWENTY-FIVE EXECUTORS OF THE MAGNA CARTA

NAME

 

WILLIAM D'AUBIGNY

 

 

 

HUGH BIGOD

ROGER BIGOD

 

HENRY DE BOHUN,

 

GILBERT DE CLARE

 

 

 

 

RICHARD DE CLARE

 

 

 

WILLIAM HARDELL

 

WILLIAM OF HUNTINGFIELD

 

 

 

JOHN FITZROBERT

 

ROBERT FITZWALTER

 

 

WILLIAM DE FORZ

 

 

JOHN DE LACY

 

 

WILLIAM DE LANVALLEI

 

 

 

 

WILLIAM MALET

 

 

GEOFFREY DE MANDEVILLE

 

 

 

 

 

ROGER DE MONTBEGON

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

RICHARD DE MONTFICHET

 

 

WILLIAM DE MOWBRAY

 

SIR RICHARD DE PERCY

 

SAER DE QUINCY

 

SIR ROBERT DE ROS

 

ROBERT DE VERE

 

EUSTACE DE VESCI

POSITION ROLE

 

HIGH SHERIFF OF BEDFORDSHIRE AND

BUCKINGHAMSHIRE

 

 

 

 

LORD HIGH CONSTABLE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MAYOR OF LONDON

 

SHERIFF OF NORFOLK AND SUFFOLK

LORD WARDEN OF THE CINQUE PORTS

 

 

 

 

 

CONSTABLE OF SCARBOROUGH CASTLE,

 

 

 

 

GOVERNOR OF COLCHESTER CASTLE

 

 

 

SHERIFF OF SOMERSET AND DORSET

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SHERIFF OF CUMBERLAND

NOTES

 

  • PROMINENT MEMBER OF THE BARONIAL REBELLIONS

 

 

  • 3RD EARL OF NORFOLK

  • 2ND EARL OF NORFOLK

 

  • 1ST EARL OF HEREFORD

 

  • EARL OF HERTFORD, 5TH EARL OF GLOUCESTER, 1ST LORD OF GLAMORGAN, 7TH LORD OF CLARE,

 

  • 3RD EARL OF HERTFORD, 6TH LORD OF CLARE, 6TH LORD OF TONBRIDGE, 5TH LORD OF CARDIGAN

 

 

 

 

 

 

  • LORD OF WARKWORTH CASTLE.

 

  • ONE OF THE ENVOYS WHO INVITED PRINCE Louis TO ENGLAND.

 

  • 3RD EARL OF ALBEMARLE

 

  • 2ND EARL OF LINCOLN,

 

 

  • WILLIAM WAS RELATED TO SEVERAL OF THE MAGNA CARTA BARONS

 

 

 

 

  • 2ND EARL OF ESSEX AND 4TH EARL OF GLOUCESTER

  • HE WASTHE SECOND HUSBAND TO KING JOHN OF ENGLANDS, FIRST WIFE AFTER THE ANNULLMENT.

 

  • LANDOWNER IN NORTHERN ENGLAND

  • HE WAS A LANDOWNER IN ESSEX

  • HE SUPPORTED LOUIS VIII OF FRANCE BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER KING JOHN'S OF ENGLANDS DEATH

 

  • 6TH BARON OF THIRSK, 4TH BARON MOWBRAY

 

 

  • 5TH BARON PERCY

 

  • 1ST EARL OF WINCHESTER

 

  • BARON OF HELMSLEY

 

 

  • 3RD EARL OF OXFORD

 

  • LORD OF ALNWICK CASTLE

KING JOHN OF ENGLAND IN FICTION ON SCREEN

FILM/ DRAMA
DARK KNIGHT
THE DEVIL'S CROWN
IRONCLAD
IVANHOE
IVANHOE
THE LION IN WINTER,
THE LION IN WINTER
ROBIN HOOD
ROBIN HOOD
ROBIN AND MARIAN
ROBIN HOOD: MEN IN TIGHTS
ROGUES OF SHERWOOD FOREST
THE STORY OF ROBIN HOOD AND HIS MERRIE MEN

DATE PREMIERED

2000

1956

2011

1952

1997

1968

2003

1922

1991

1976

1993

1950

1952

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